The Life of a New Yorker Goes to Holland: Day 3

On the 3rd day of our exciting Rotterdam adventure we met up to purchase our tickets and board the Aqua liner heading to RDM Campus. The ferry ride was brief and we arrived shortly at the large and impressive school located right in the port area of Rotterdam.

RDM CAMPUS 

RDM Campus Entrance

RDM stands for Research, Design, and Manufacture. The purpose of the campus is to promote education, innovation, and climate resilient communities in Rotterdam. The campus was once a shipyard and is now an education and training center contributing to the city's economy and empowering the youth. While RDM campus is a prime example of waterfront redevelopment by making such productive use of the space and their Innovation Dock, there was no community voice or representation in Rotterdam to support it in the beginning. Initially there was not enough time or people to invest in building the campus. One of our tour guides even admitted that there were not many people from his own nearby village enrolled and benefiting from these new innovations.  It was a process and eventually several different stakeholders came together and the RDM campus was the result of their collaboration. Those stakeholders include but are not limited to Albeda College, Port of Rotterdam Authority, Rotterdam University, and Municipality of Rotterdam.

Climate resilient Concept House designed by RDM students

Our tour began in the auditorium where we experienced a brief presentation that explained the history and significance of having such an innovative institution like RDM in Rotterdam. From the presentation we learned that the campus is a "breeding place" for students and companies to come together and focus on new economic developments in a supportive and nurturing space.

Our current tour guide:
RDM graduate turned employee

The students enrolled at RDM receive their education, professional training, opportunities to contribute to their community's development, and build relationships with established companies. As we walked around the main campus with our tour guide he explained to us that the students enrolled at RDM come from diverse backgrounds and not only receive education but also undergo extensive training programs and the opportunity to work on projects like concept houses, which are sustainable and climate resistant homes. They also take part in the redevelopment of existing homes to make them more sustainable and affordable for residents of Heijplaat, the nearby village. To the right is a photo of an RDM alumni who was taken on as an employee right after graduating. He is explaining the dynamics behind some student designs for affordable and climate resilient housing complexes.

What I got the most from visiting the RDM Campus was that coalitions are extremely important and so is community representation. Briefly after the storm Red Hook Initiative (RHI) opened it's doors, organized volunteers, and provided basic necessities like light, heat, and power to the residents of Red Hook who essentially had no communication or government response team. Because of the devastation caused by Hurricane Sandy and the extent of how unprepared the community of Red Hook was to withstand the storm, the Red Hook Coalition was formed. As a youth involved in a Social Justice Fellowship with RHI who was personally affected by Hurricane Sandy I appreciate the support that was provided to us by an organization whose main function is to represent, empower, and improve the quality of life for the people in my community. Red Hook Initiative along with the other organizations involved in the coalition came together much like the companies that formed RDM campus. The common goal is to not only be more prepared for the next storm or flood but also create a more sustainable community overall and improve the quality of life for residents EVERY SINGLE DAY, not just when it storms.

Exploring a Concept house still being built

Red Hook Initiative takes a stand to empower the youth in our community of Red Hook. Seeing the correlation and effect of the same work taking place all the way in Rotterdam was truly inspiring. I wondered how effective the impact of such an education center would be in Red Hook and other areas of New York City. Both Rotterdam and Red Hook have high unemployment rates in their communities and with the RDM Campus and RHI providing training and opportunities to the youth they are both that much closer to making sustainable and climate resistant living conditions. There is so much we could accomplish by also  utilizing and redeveloping our unused spaces while empowering the youth in the community of Red Hook even more! 

I'm learning so much while here in Rotterdam and noticing the many differences as well as similarities that exist between the two communities. Tomorrow is a new day, a new tour and more things to learn and experience while living The Life of a New Yorker (.com).

The Life of a New Yorker goes to Holland Day 2:

Sunday, March 16th marked the 2nd day of our informational tour of Rotterdam. The representatives of Red Hook Initiative (including myself) along with Good Old Lower East Side (GOLES), Rockaway Waterfront Alliance, and the students from Pratt Institute studying urban planning, met the bus promptly at 8:00am that would take us to our first stop on the tour.

THE FLOOD OF 1953

Harbor in Rotterdam, Netherlands 2014

After introductions took place on the bus we all settled into our seats and enjoyed the facts occasionally given to us by our tour guide, a Dutch native. We learned that the purpose of the many hills and inclines that we drove past were to serve as a traditional means of flood protection. The people of Rotterdam built many flood barriers, levees, and Katrina like structures to protect themselves from the overwhelming threat of death by water. In the devastating flood that hit The Netherlands in 1953 every last protection measure previously taken proved fatally ineffective and more than 1,800 people lost their lives. Man made dikes (hills) have never been enough. With the economical and cultural shift now happening in Rotterdam and more and more people choosing to live on the waterfront, now is the time to embrace innovative and new ways to protect the city from this constant threat.

I believe the community of Red Hook is experiencing a similar shift in culture and economy with gentrification and all the new businesses being developed. I also strongly believe that achieving sustainability is integral to our survival if and when another natural disaster occurs.

Photograph of house consumed by water during flood of 1953

Volunteer board featuring volunteers from
flood of 1953 - 2013

Much like Red Hook (and essentially any other community in New York City) The Netherlands needed a lot of organizing, fundraising for relief efforts, and volunteers to all come together and get their city back up and running normally. I cannot stress enough the importance of community work. It is essential to improving and maintaining the quality of life for all residents living in that area. Hurricane sandy did not have anywhere near the same capacity of death or damage as the flood of 53 however, it was similar in that it was quite devastating, unexpected, and the people were hopelessly ill prepared.

Watersnood Museum

We arrived at the famed Watersnood Museum where we learned even more interesting things about Rotterdam. For instance, after the flood of 1953 they placed 4 large caissons (structures used in underwater work) in the breach where the barriers broke and began recovering and rebuilding the city. The museum was created in 2001 and originally only occupied one of the caissons. It was very important that people pay homage to all those who died in the flood. The museum was very successful and eventually expanded to all four caissons. Equipped with pictures, names, and tons of information about all the villages in The Netherlands that were affected by the storm, their mission is to remember, to learn, and to look ahead.

Artwork Inspired by the flood

What stood out the most when it came to the museum was that it was not only this impressive display of historical items but also a very personal memorial that was extensive and must mean a great deal to the people of Rotterdam. The first Caisson contained all the factual information about the flood while the second Caisson was all about the emotions of the people. There were stories of  families with new born babies fighting to escape their homes in time and noble soldiers risking their lives to save a single horse. There was a very interesting installation in Caisson Two where the names of over 100 people who were either survivors or somehow connected with the flood scrolled across a touch screen and when touched an audio voice tells their story. While the artwork, words, and pictures inspired by the tragic event were mostly in Dutch, it was all very touching and just reiterates the notion that our lives and our homes are precious and need to be protected.

We continued touring the museum passing through each caisson which were all connected. Caisson 3 is dedicated to reconstruction and features the machinery, houses, agriculture and infrastructure that were used during the rebuilding process directly after the flood. The fourth and final Caisson is dedicated to the future and all the new innovative projects that Rotterdam has been undertaking in order to protect the land while managing to capture and store the water efficiently.

THE BARRIERS

Oosterschelde Barrier in The Netherlands

After walking through the entire museum, the group and I returned to the bus and headed to our next location. There were multiple discussions on the bus between the students, professors, teachers, organizers, and tour guides about the sustainability of waterfronts and the importance of working with the water because it is after all beneficial to the economy of waterfront communities just as it is dangerous. Our minds were bubbling with all this information and this was only the 2nd day! 

 The next stop on our tour was the Delta Project Storm Surge Barrier. The 'Oosterschelde' is apparently "without any doubt, the most impressive storm surging structure of the Netherlands" (according to their website). My group and I were able to actually go inside and learn all about how this barrier works and was constructed.

The barrier was constructed using strong and solid materials like steel and is made up of multiple layers. The bottom layer protects from erosion and supports the entire structure. Building it was a complex process that involved the strongest self designed floating crane positioning individual parts of the barrier. The gates of the barrier are left open so that the natural habitat behind it would not be affected. The gates are closed when severe storms combine with rising water levels and the risk of flood is increased. It took about 7 years to complete this massive structure but I think the people of The Netherlands would agree it was well worth it. So far the barrier has not been breached by the water and proves to be the most efficient flood protection measure taken thus far.

We also visited the 'Maeslant' barrier which we learned was economically and structurally different from the Oosterschelde. Firstly, it is more efficient for navigation and the economy because it does not stop the boats and ships from coming through and conducting their business. The design for this barrier was also chosen because it was cheaper and slightly easier to maintain. Something like this would work efficiently in areas like the Gowanus Canal where everyday functions could be carried out while the barrier is used only when needed. During Hurricane Sandy such a structure could have been highly effective in controlling the overwhelming amount of water that flooded Red Hook.

Currently there are around 100,000 people working in water management in the Netherlands. The people pay for these safety measures through taxes but also gain a more resilient, safe, and sustainable community while the work of water management creates more jobs and benefits the economy. I was just as impressed as I was on the first day of the tour with their innovations and technoligical advances. Having not only one but several innovative developments like these barriers while providing jobs is a great way to make a community more resilient. This would especially be effective in a community where unemployment is prevalent. By the end of the tour I was very eager to learn more of their society and how their community leaders played a role in the representation of the residents.

 Tomorrow brings another day of tours and a whole new set of useful information!
Stay Tuned!

The Life of a New Yorker Goes to Holland: Day 1

 On Saturday, March 15th we began our tour of Rotterdam, a vibrant international city on  water in the Netherlands. I say "on water" because much like Red Hook, Rotterdam is a waterfront  community. The city lies below the sea level which causes frequent floods, making water management work very necessary for the residents of Rotterdam. The traditional solution to this issue has always been the building of a levee, inclines, or dams but this has never been enough. Over the years the people of Rotterdam decided that doing the same thing over and over again and expecting  the same results was insane so they began to think of ways they could do things a little differently. As our tour began I noticed all the similarities that connected this small province in The Netherlands with our little Red Hook Corner of Brooklyn. 

A BRIEF HISTORY OF ROTTERDAM

Cycling in Rotterdam

Our journey started at a local Rotterdam bike shop where we rented bikes and learned that a large amount of the population finds cycling to be an efficient and preferred mode of transportation. Our tour guide made frequent stops on the bike route so we could take in all Rotterdam had to offer.We biked past City Hall and the Main Square. Apparently architecture in the city of Rotterdam is fairly recent due to the bombings that occurred during the 2nd World War when everything was reduced to rubble and needed to be re-built. It was an extremely memorable experience, cycling past the post modern architecture and viewing some of the more romantic gardens and scenic paths.

Cubed Houses

On one of our stops we witnessed some very interesting housing complexes being built to face the local market and personalized by local artists. Behind the complex were cubed shaped houses that only certain people (with flexible balancing organs) could live in without feeling a constant nausea! These unusual but intriguing housing options were just the beginning of the innovative developments that we would experience while here in Rotterdam. 

As we continued our ride we began to approach a floating fixture that I soon learned was called 'The Floating Pavilion'.

 THE FUTURE OF FLOATING CITIES

The Floating Pavilion set up for an event

When my group and I were led inside the futuristic structure by our tour guide we were instantly impressed with how sturdy it felt. The Floating Pavilion was a project designed by a group of students studying at a Rotterdam university and backed by DeltaSync, a company specializing in floating urbanization. The student's designs became reality when they won a contest which proposed the task of constructing a floating city. The pavilion was designed and constructed in one year and when complete it gained a lot of attention. Apparently some major companies in Rotterdam were seeking new ways to promote economic development as well as innovative ideas and functions in port areas.Understandably after all that had been lost they wanted to keep their historical significance as a port city. 

The Pavilion is primarily used for conferences, meetings, and small events but is built to be 100% self sustaining and if a major flood were to occur it would be the safest place to go because it moves with the tides and rises with the water. The idea was for the city to live in harmony with the water and not fight against it and thus, floating urbanization proved to be more adaptive than the traditional approach of building dikes (man made hills) and barriers. The building is made from various materials like steel, very light cushion-like glass, and concrete. It also features a dome shaped roof, is cost efficient, and can assist in re-capturing nutrients from waste water. In the future it could even be protected using ecological restoration (reefs) and encourage natural marine habitat in surrounding areas. The goal was to one day make an entire floating city that would not only be efficient but also productive. Their presentation was very impressive! I began to imagine the IKEA superstore floating on water and all the economic and social benefits such innovative ideas could bring to the community of Red Hook.

This project shows that floating structures of all varieties can be built, prove effective, and feasible.

Rotterdam was the first city to introduce floating structures in urban development and I for one was appreciative of the effort they put into protecting their city knowing the increased risk of living near the water. It became clear that with support and funding along with the collective effort of invested parties, Rotterdam would be prepared if there was another flood, storm, or both. This was the kind of innovation and protective measures that would be taken in Red Hook and anywhere else where there is a similar threat of major natural disaster if it were up to the non profit organizations like Red Hook Initiative. Unfortunately, non profits and community workers often struggle for funding and support unless there is some major eye opening natural disaster that needs to be immediately addressed.

I struggled to think of a solution to such a complex flaw in our system. 

Luckily...

This was only the first day of our week long tour.

Stay tuned for the second day...I am positive it's only going to get better from here!